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Course Criteria
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3.00 Credits
2 cl hrs, 3 lab hrs, 3 cr A continuation of the didactic and laboratory concepts involved in the identification, location and fabrication of prescription ophthalmic eyewear. Emphasis is placed on the calculated effects of prism using a single vision lens power and achieving prism through centration of optical centers. Identifying various ophthalmic lens-manufacturing techniques of factory finish, surfacing and casting methods to achieve lens powers, sphere and toric base curves will be covered. Multifocal lens and progressive lens characteristics are introduced, including powers, design, material, lens profiles, lens blank size, frame size and patient PD. In addition, continued application of ophthalmic standards of ANSI Z80.1, Z80.5 and ANSI Z 87 is emphasized. The laboratory component focuses on the practical aspect of identifying, measuring and fabrication of ophthalmic projects that require wanted prism and fabrication of multifocal lens designs that incorporate patient distant and near PD's. Prerequisite: VCT 1101/OD 101
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4.00 Credits
4 cl hrs, 4 cr A study of the structure and function of the eye, bones of the orbit, cranial nerves in the visual system, lid physiology, tear film chemistry, corneal anatomy and function, corneal metabolism, uveal layer, lens accommodation mechanism, retina, photochemistry of vision, visual pathway and extraocular muscles and motility will be covered. In addition, ocular pathologies, anomalies, deficiencies, etiology and treatment, eye examination and ancillary tests for visual screening, eye symptoms and emergencies and ocular pharmacology will be discussed. Prerequisite: CUNY certification in reading and writing
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3.00 Credits
2 cl hrs, 3 lab hrs, 3 cr The history and development of contact lenses, physical characteristics of various types of contact lenses, comparison of contact lens materials, contact lens nomenclature, ANSI specifications, corneal topography and astigmatism will be discussed. The laboratory develops skills in the radioscope, profile analyzer, diameter and thickness gauges, measuring magnifier, lensometer, lens modifications, slit lamp and keratometry. Prerequisite: VCT 1101/OD 101
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2.00 Credits
1 cl hr, 3 lab hrs, 2 cr Advanced didactic and laboratory concepts involved in the selection, identification, location and fabrication of prescription eyewear. Lens aberrations and characteristics based on index of refraction and lens power is covered. Emphasis is placed on special procedures used in the material and fabrication of rimless, semirimless, nylon suspension and drill mounted lenses. In addition, ANSI Z 87.1 safety frames, ASTM F803 sports frames and ASTM F8003 are covered. The laboratory component focuses on the advanced practical aspect of fabrication of lenses and frames, fabrication of rimless, semi-rimless, nylon suspension and drilled mounted lenses. Repairs and customization of frames are also covered. Prerequisite: VCT 1201/OD 201
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5.00 Credits
4 cl hrs, 3 lab hrs, 5 cr A study of the origin, ethics, practices and responsibilities of the Ophthalmic Dispenser will be discussed. The development of corrected curves and aspheric design will be detailed. Factors that affect the ophthalmic prescription, such as vertex distance, lens tilting and magnification will be expanded. The design and application of multifocals will be presented. Anatomical and physiological landmarks of the eye will be discussed and the fitting triangle concept will be developed and detailed. The development of the emmetropic eye and a thorough presentation of ametropias will be presented. Measurement of visual acuity will be detailed. An in-depth presentation of both single vision and presbyopic analysis will be covered. The laboratory sessions provide for an application of the theoretical knowledge presented in the lecture. Malpractice insurance is required. Prerequisites: VCT 1105/OD 105, VCT 1201/OD 201, VCT 1212/OD 212; corequisite: VCT 2311/OD 311
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1.00 Credits
3 cl hrs, 1 cr An internship course designed to develop the student's clinical ophthalmic dispensing skills. The structure of a basic functioning clinic is detailed. The basic groundwork for patient management and ethical business practice is demonstrated. The students exercise their technical skills with clinical patients under the direct supervision of the clinical instructor. Malpractice insurance is required. Prerequisites: VCT 1201/OD 201, VCT 1105/OD 105, VCT 1212/OD 212; corequisite: VCT 2313/OD 313, VCT 2311/OD 311, VCT 2327/OD 327
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5.00 Credits
4 cl hrs, 3 lab hrs, 5 cr The study of anatomy, physiology and pathology of the anterior segment of the cornea and related structures, theory of flexible and nonflexible lens fitting, philosophies and optics of contact lenses will be covered. In addition, the theory and fitting of soft lenses and contact lens solutions will be discussed. The laboratory develops skills in keratometry, biomicroscopy illuminations and the fitting of soft lenses. Malpractice insurance is required. Prerequisites: VCT 1237/OD 237, VCT 1212/OD 212, VCT 1201/OD 201, BIO 1101/BY 101
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5.00 Credits
4 cl hrs, 3 lab hrs, 5 cr A presentation of the licensing requirements and national certifications will be given. Lifestyle dispensing considerations will be detailed with the goal of meeting a patient's eyewear needs. Consideration will be given to analyzing complex prescriptions. The information presented will enable the practitioner to determine proper lens design recommendations for a patient's occupational and avocational needs. Lens extras such as absorptive tints and coatings will be discussed. Cataract surgery and visual correction options will be presented. The New York State Ophthalmic Dispensing Guide to Practice will be detailed and professional liability will be stressed. A detailed section on preparation for state licensing and national certification will be presented. The laboratory sessions provide for an application of the theoretical knowledge presented in the lecture. The sessions equip the student with the skills necessary at the dispensing table with the patient. Malpractice insurance is required. Prerequisite: VCT 2313/OD 313
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3.00 Credits
3 cl hrs, 3 cr An introduction to the study of clinical refraction of the eye. Topics include: etiology, types, causes, symptoms, testing and treatment of eye abnormalities; accommodation and presbyopia; versions and vergences; anisometropia and aniseikonia; external examination, preliminary and subjective tests; retinoscopy, low vision aids; twenty-one point refractive examination. Prerequisite: VCT 2313/OD 313
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1.00 Credits
3 clinical hrs, 1 cr An internship course designed to increase the basic clinical skills that have been acquired in Ophthalmic Dispensing Clinic I (VCT 2316/OD 316). Under the supervision of a clinical instructor, the interns operate a full service ophthalmic dispensing clinic. Malpractice insurance is required. Prerequisites: VCT 2313/OD 313, VCT 2316/OD 316; corequisite: VCT 2413/OD 413
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