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Course Criteria
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4.00 Credits
Survey introduction to sedimentary processes and materials, including description, formation, and interpretation. Sedimentary materials account for most of the Earth's crust, and much of our understanding of Earth history comes from their examination. Many of our economic resources, such as coal, oil, and natural gas, and many environmental problems, are related to or derive from sediments. Goals: understanding and identifying sediments and processes and using them to interpret stratigraphic, paleoenvironmental, and tectonic information; obtaining the understanding of sedimentology that is relevant to environmental issues; increasing scientific literacy and critical thinking. Prerequisites: EPSc 201. EPSc 352, and EPSc 437 recommended. Three class hours and one two-hour lab a week. Mandatory field trips.
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4.00 Credits
Survey of principles that govern the flow of water in river and groundwater systems in deep geologic environments. Basic equations of fluid flow, dynamics, and the characteristics of drainage basins, rivers, floods, and important aquifers. Exploitation of groundwater systems. Prerequisites: EPSc 353, Phys 117A, Phys 118A, and Math 233, or permission of instructor. Three class hours and one two-hour laboratory a week. Field trip required.
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4.00 Credits
Topics connected with environmental mineralogy, some selected by students. Topics may include: mineral dust such as asbestos; containment materials for nuclear waste disposal; environmental ramifications of the processing and use of phosphate fertilizers; lead in the environment; acid mine drainage; microbial mediation of sulfide oxidation; minerals in the human body; weathering of building materials; materials engineering; and engineering of materials for more effective recycling. Three class hours and one two-hour laboratory a week. Participation in discussions, term paper, two field trips required. Most readings from primary sources. Prerequisite: EPSc 352 or permission of instructor.
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3.00 Credits
Origin of selected igneous and metamorphic rock suites investigated by integrating field, laboratory, and theoretical approaches to petrogenesis. Petrographic, electron microprobe, and X-ray fluorescence methods taught and utilized as tools in class exercises. Field trips to nearby localities. Prerequisites: EPSc 352 and permission of instructor.
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4.00 Credits
Classification, origin, mineralogy, and geological occurrence of major igneous and metamorphic rocks. Laboratory emphasis on identification of rocks and minerals in hand specimens and in thin sections. Prerequisite: EPSc 352. Three class hours and one two-hour laboratory a week.
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3.00 Credits
Application of the principles of nuclear and physical chemistry to problems of the composition and differentiation of the Earth. Introduction to nucleosynthesis of the elements, stellar evolution, the periodic properties of the elements, chemical bonding and ionic substitution, geochronology and stable isotope geochemistry, and the age and composition of the Earth, Moon, and meteorites. Prerequisites: EPSc 201 and Chem 112, or permission of instructor.
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3.00 Credits
Lab-based course to provide theoretical understanding of, and practical experience in, biogeochemistry tools and techniques. Topics introduced through lecture and discussion of classic scientific papers. Hands-on experience applying techniques in the laboratory. Research project, based on data collected using these techniques, required. Students develop understanding of tools used for modern and ancient biogeochemistry research. Hands-on experience with sample preparation, operation of gas source mass spectrometers, and data analysis. Prerequisite: EPSc 323 or permission of instructor.
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3.00 Credits
Introduction to the geochemistry of natural waters and the processes that alter their composition. Key principles of aqueous geochemistry and their application to describe the main controls on the chemistry of pristine and polluted soil, surface, and groundwater environments. Acids and bases; mineral solubility; carbonate chemistry; chemical speciation; redox reactions adsorption and ion exchange; and the speciation, mobility, and toxicity of metals. Prerequisite: EPSc 352 or concurrent enrollment ,or permission of instructor.
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3.00 Credits
Applications of equilibrium and kinetic isotope fractionation and material balance principles to the distribution of oxygen and hydrogen isotopes in natural systems. Geothermometry and paleotemperatures, mass spectrometry, isotope hydrology and ice cores, fluid-rock interaction, igneous rocks, and meteorites. Prerequisites: EPSc 441 and Math 233, or permission of instructor.
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3.00 Credits
Microorganisms are ubiquitous and have a large impact on the chemistry of the natural environment. This course covers the basic physiology of the microbial cell as it pertains to how microorganisms interact with the surrounding environment. Topics include cell structure, protein synthesis, gene regulation (how microbes respond to environmental changes), behavior and development, biofilm formation, and energy generation (how they use energy and effect changes in the geochemistry of the environment). Also the evolutionary relationships among microbes; the major groups of free-living microbes and the environments they inhabit; and how microbes have co-evolved with the changing chemistry of the Earth through time. Prerequisite: science majors with junior or senior standing, or permission of instructor.
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