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Course Criteria
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3.00 Credits
Introductory examination of materials that make up the Earth, the rocks and how they form, as well as the processes that build up or wear down Earth's landscape. Topics include fossils, geological time and history of life; plate tectonics; internal structure of the Earth; minerals and rocks; volcanoes and igneous rocks; rock weathering, sediments and sedimentary rocks; landform development, streams and glaciers; ocean basins and continents. Three lectures per week.
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3.00 Credits
Introductory examination of the physical processes of the Earth, its origin, composition, structure and properties. Emphasis on dynamic aspects of Earth's interior, such as its shape and rotation, the geomagnetic field and its origin, radioactive decay and Earth's thermal budget, mantle convection and plate tectonics, earthquakes and volcanoes. Three lectures and one discussion/laboratory per week. No prerequisites beyond high school science.
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3.00 Credits
Examines important, global-scale changes in the atmosphere and hydrosphere from geological, astronomical, and other perspectives. Formation and early state of the solar system; the early greenhouse atmosphere and its tectonic origin; geologic controls on Earth's hothouse and ice house climates; solar and orbital influences on climate; ice ages; the role of the oceans. Rise of civilization and its dependence on environmental factors. Study of recent phenomena including ozone depletion, El Ni±o, acid rain and possible global warming reinforces the modern theme of global human interdependency. The use of unresolved scientific issues in setting public policy is also discussed. Prerequisite: high school chemistry.
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3.00 Credits
How pollution affects the daily lives of people on regional and global scales, from physical science and policy perspectives. Topics include sources, extent and characteristics of natural and unnatural pollution; processes affecting the fate and transport of contaminants; monitoring and remediation of pollution; and the fundamentals of risk assessment and risk management. Prerequisite: none beyond high school science.
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3.00 Credits
Examination of the role water plays in the natural environment and in societies. áThe course will include an introduction to the science of hydrology. áCase studies will be used to examine water's impact on society; examples may include water scarcity and cross-border tensions in the Middle East and between Mexico and the U.S.A.; flooding and drought; availability of clean water for drinking and sanitation in the third world. Prerequisite: none.
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3.00 Credits
Earthquakes and volcanic explosions: their effects on human lives; historical descriptions and consequences of major volcanic eruptions; and earthquakes and methods for prediction and hazard reduction. The physical and/or chemical mechanisms of earthquake generation and transport, and volcanic eruption, and their relationship to plate tectonics and the heat engine inside Earth. Quantitative skills and current research methods applicable to volcanic eruptions and earthquakes. Prerequisite: one four-credit 100-level geology course, or consent of instructor.
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3.00 Credits
Natural deposits of both metallic and non-metallic industrial materials, including energy resources. Varieties of deposits, exploration strategies, and mining and other recovery methods. Evaluation of mineral resources. U.S. national needs and uses of raw materials. U.S. dependence on foreign sources of diverse mineral commodities. Three lectures per week. Prerequisite: an introductory course in geology is helpful, but is not required.
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3.00 Credits
Overview of processes acting on the surface of Earth and how they control the landscape and deposition of sediments. Processes on hill slopes, surface and subsurface hydrology, aeolian and glacial processes, and sedimentary processes on coasts, continental shelves, slopes and the deep ocean. Three hours of lecture and one laboratory or field trip per week. Prerequisite: one four-credit 100-level geology course or GEOG 121, or consent of instructor.
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3.00 Credits
Overview of the principles of crystallography, atomic arrangement, chemistry and physical properties of minerals that make up common Earth materials. Introduction to techniques of optical mineralogy. Classification and genesis of the principal igneous, sedimentary and metamorphic rocks. Three lectures and one laboratory per week. Prerequisites: CHEM 107 ( or equivalent) and one four-credit 100-level geology course, or consent of instructor.
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3.00 Credits
Overview of the major processes and events that shaped the lithosphere, hydrosphere and biosphere of Earth. Origin of Earth, its oceans and atmosphere. Emphasis on origin of life, expansion of the biosphere and the results of biosphere expansion on the oceans and atmosphere. Periodic collapse of the biosphere during mass extinctions considered in light of geologic and extraterrestrial processes. Types of evidence used by Earth scientists to understand these events. Three lectures and one laboratory per week. Prerequisite: one four-credit 100-level geology course, or consent of instructor.
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