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Course Criteria
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0.00 - 6.00 Credits
Advanced seminar focusing on areas of current interest in paleoceanography and paleoclimatology. Includes discussion of current and classic literature. Topics vary from year to year.
Prerequisite:
Prereq: Permission of instructor
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3.00 Credits
An introduction to marine geology and geophysics suitable for any student interested in the ocean sciences. Also intended as part of a two-term sequence for first-year MIT-WHOI Joint Program students in marine geology and geophysics (MG&G). Topics include: deposition and preservation of marine sediments, climate proxies, Cenozoic to Holocene climate history, paleoceanography, marine stratigraphy and geochronology, structure of the earth, structure of oceanic crust, evolution of the oceanic lithosphere, mantle geodynamics, plate tectonics, ocean altimetry, and coastal sediment processes.
Prerequisite:
Prereq: Permission of instructor
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3.00 Credits
An introduction to marine geology and geophysics intended as part of a two-term sequence for first-year MIT-WHOI Joint Program students in marine geology and geophysics. Topics include: lithosphere evolution and mantle dynamics, the structure and composition of the oceanic crust and mantle, tectonic and magmatic processes at mid-ocean ridges, hotspot volcanism, subduction and arc magmatism, and the crustal structure and sedimentation history of continental margins.
Prerequisite:
Prereq: 12.710
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3.00 Credits
Focuses on synthetic seismograms, ocean bottom refraction seismology, and multi-channel reflection seismology as applied to studies of the ocean sediments, crust, and lithosphere. Topics include: the wave equations for elastic/anelastic, isotropic/anisotropic, homogeneous/heterogeneous and fluid/solid media; ray theory and WKBJ approximations; the Sommerfeld/Weyl integrals, asymptotic analysis, and Lamb's problem for a fluid/solid interface; reflectivity and related methods; finite difference and finite element methods; and special topics of interest to the class. Extensive readings of geophysical and seismological literature.
Prerequisite:
Prereq: 12.711
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3.00 Credits
An introduction to the theory and practice of analyzing discrete data such as are normally encountered in geophysics and geology. Emphasizes statistical aspects of data interpretation and the nonparametric discrete-time approach to spectral analysis. Topics include: elements of probability and statistics, statistical inference, robust and nonparametric statistics, the method of least squares, univariate and multivariate spectral analysis, digital filters, and aspects of multidimensional data analysis.
Prerequisite:
Prereq: 18.03
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3.00 Credits
Quantitative analysis of melting, melt transport, and igneous crustal accretion at oceanic spreading centers, rifted continental margins, and subduction-related arcs, applied to understanding variation in composition and volume of the Earth's crust in different tectonic environments. Theoretical methods for calculation of melt volume and composition, solid-liquid equilibria and reaction rates, and liquid density and viscosity combined with field, petrographic, geochemical, and computational techniques. Topics vary from year to year.
Prerequisite:
Prereq: 12.710, 12.711, or permission of instructor
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3.00 Credits
Offers a broad overview of various kinetic and transport processes in geology, including volume and grain boundary solid-state diffusion, defects in minerals, rates of mineral reaction and transformation, crystal nucleation and growth, advective transport in porous media and partially molten aggregates, and percolation theory. Emphasis on processes in crystalline rocks. Covers theoretical, phenomenological, and experimental constraints, with a consistent application to "real-world" settings and actual case histories.
Prerequisite:
Prereq: Permission of instructor
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0.00 - 6.00 Credits
Investigations, laboratory work, or fieldwork in marine geology and geophysics.
Prerequisite:
Prereq: Permission of instructor
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0.00 - 6.00 Credits
For graduate students desiring to perform investigations, laboratory work, or fieldwork in chemical oceanography.
Prerequisite:
Prereq: Permission of instructor
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3.00 Credits
Studies the basic principles of techniques for reconstructing the history of ocean climate from marine sediment cores, corals, ice cores, and other paleoclimate archives. Examines this data in the light of proposed climate change mechanisms. Micropaleontological, isotopic, geochemical, and mineralogical changes are used to infer changes in seawater composition, atmospheric chemistry, and climate. Observations are interpreted as consequences of changes in ocean temperature, circulation, and chemistry, and are used to evaluate theories proposed to account for glacial/interglacial cycles. Focuses on the past two million years, but major processes and events from the past 100 million years are also included.
Prerequisite:
Prereq: Permission of instructor
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