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Course Criteria
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1.00 Credits
A laboratory subject intended to illustrate, by means of hands-on projects, the basic dynamical and physical principles which govern the general circulation of the atmosphere and the day-to-day sequence of weather events. Real-time meteorological observations are studied together with laboratory fluid experiments. Projects based on real-time observations stress the analysis and dynamical interpretation of the real phenomena, while complementary rotating tank experiments stress planning and testing of ideas in a more controlled laboratory environment. Written critical summaries of the results of each project and oral presentations are an integral part of the subject.
Prerequisite:
Prereq: Calculus II (GIR), Physics I (GIR)
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1.00 Credits
Basic principles of synoptic meteorology and weather forecasting. Analysis of hourly weather data and numerical weather prediction models. Regular preparation of weather forecasts.
Prerequisite:
Prereq: Physics I (GIR), Calculus I (GIR)
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1.00 Credits
Presents the fundamentals of simulating the Earth's climate and provides a basic background on the processes that maintain it. Students run simple models (e.g., energy balance and radiative-convective equilibrium) in MATLAB and analyze output from the comprehensive climate models used in global warming assessments. Discusses the components of a modern general circulation model.
Prerequisite:
Prereq: Physics I (GIR), Calculus I (GIR)
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3.00 Credits
Introduction to the global water and energy cycles and the Earth system, including the atmosphere, oceans, land, and biosphere. Fundamentals of hydrologic science and its applications. Covers bases for the characterization of hydrologic processes such as precipitation, evaporation, transpiration by vegetation, infiltration, and storm runoff. Understanding and modeling of groundwater flow, hydraulics of wells, and subsurface transport of pollutants. Probabilistic analysis and risk estimation for hydrologic variables.
Prerequisite:
Prereq: 1.060; Coreq: 1.061, 1.106
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3.00 Credits
A physics-based introduction to the properties of fluids and fluid systems, with examples drawn from a broad range of sciences, including atmospheric physics and astrophysics. Definitions of fluids and the notion of continuum. Equations of state and continuity, hydrostatics and conservation of momentum; ideal fluids and Euler's equation; viscosity and the Navier-Stokes equation. Energy considerations, fluid thermodynamics, and isentropic flow. Compressible versus incompressible and rotational versus irrotational flow; Bernoulli's theorem; steady flow, streamlines and potential flow. Circulation and vorticity. Kelvin's theorem. Boundary layers. Fluid waves and instabilities. Quantum fluids.
Prerequisite:
Prereq: 8.044, 5.60, or permission of instructor
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4.00 Credits
Discusses the dynamics of the atmosphere, with emphasis on the large scale. Topics include zonally symmetric circulations and the tropical Hadley circulation; internal gravity waves; balanced flows, potential vorticity conservation and Rossby waves; stability of zonal flows; baroclinic instability and extratropical storms; tropical waves, the Walker circulation, and El Ni?o and the Southern Oscillation; and the role of eddies in the general circulation. Students taking graduate version complete different assignments.
Prerequisite:
Prereq: 12.003, 8.03, 18.03; or permission of instructor
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2.00 Credits
Introduces the atmospheric chemistry involved in climate change, air pollution, and ozone depletion using a combination of interactive laboratory and field studies and simple computer models. Uses instruments for trace gas and aerosol measurements and methods for inferring fundamental information from these measurements. Provides instruction and practice in written and oral communication. Students taking the graduate version complete different assignments.
Prerequisite:
Prereq: Chemistry (GIR)
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3.00 Credits
Provides students with a scientific foundation of anthropogenic climate change and an introduction to climate models. Focuses on fundamental physical processes that shape climate (e.g. solar variability, orbital mechanics, greenhouse gases, atmospheric and oceanic circulation, and volcanic and soil aerosols) and on evidence for past and present climate change. Discusses material consequences of climate change, including sea level change, variations in precipitation, vegetation, storminess, and the incidence of disease. Examines the science behind mitigation and adaptation proposals.
Prerequisite:
Prereq: Physics I (GIR),Calculus I (GIR), or permission of instructor; Coreq: 5.60
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3.00 Credits
Introduces scientific, economic, and ecological issues underlying the threat of global climate change, and the institutions engaged in negotiating an international response. Develops an integrated approach to analysis of climate change processes, and assessment of proposed policy measures, drawing on research and model development within the MIT Joint Program on the Science and Policy of Global Change. Graduate students are expected to explore the topic in greater depth through reading and individual research. 12.340 recommended.
Prerequisite:
Prereq: Calculus II (GIR); 5.60; 14.01 or 15.010; or permission of instructor
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3.00 Credits
Introduction to the study of the solar system with emphasis on the latest spacecraft results. Subject covers basic principles rather than detailed mathematical and physical models. Topics include an overview of the solar system, planetary orbits, rings, planetary formation, meteorites, asteroids, comets, planetary surfaces and cratering, planetary interiors, planetary atmospheres, and life in the solar system.
Prerequisite:
Prereq: Physics I (GIR)
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