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Course Criteria
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3.00 Credits
Prerequisite: HS101, WR100 or WR101. A study of the final century of the Roman Republic when Rome suf- fered under the struggles for personal power of men like Sulla, Mark Antony, and Julius Caesar. Focuses on primary sources with a particular emphasis on the writ- ings of Cicero who documented the final years of the Republic in public speeches as well as private, biting personal letters. Same course as CL300. (Odd Years)
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3.00 Credits
Prerequisite: HS101, WR100 or WR101. A tiny, new reli- gion and a vast, old empire collide. An examination of the early Church in the context of the Roman Empire. Topics include women in pagan and Christian societ- ies; places and forms of worship; reasons for and pace of the Church's expansion; orthodoxy and heterodoxy in the early Church; myths concerning the persecutions; the Christians' debt to pagan ways of thinking and doing; the earliest Christian art; class and race as factors in the Christianization of the empire; the organization of the early Church; the Church's response to the sexual mores of its pagan neighbors; origins of the Christians' repu- tation for bizarre sexual promiscuity and human sacri- fice; Constantine. Counts toward Catholic Studies, Gender Studies, and Medieval Studies minors. Same course as CL301.
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3.00 Credits
Prerequisite: HS101, WR100 or WR101. When the Roman Empire fell to the barbarian invasions of the fourth century and later, a new age dawned on Europe. Cul- tural, religious, economic, social, intellectual, techno- logical, military, and political changes all quickly occurred as Roman emperors were replaced by non- Roman chiefs. Into a western vacuum created by the fall of Rome rose the Catholic Church, which kept alive the ideals of morality, theology, and education. Into181 the eastern vacuum arose a different religious entity, Islam; it, too, presented a values structure similar to that of Catholicism. Eventually, these two religious entities would clash. But before that occurred, east and west had to develop their own characters. For Europe, this meant the rise of the Franks and eventually of their leader, Charlemagne. From his reign came the modern division of western European countries. But, even more importantly, from his reign came the modern division of the Middle Ages as an era which, despite the inva- sions of new barbarians (the Vikings and Magyars), would last for nearly 700 years after his death. Counts toward Catholic Studies and Medieval Studies minors.
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3.00 Credits
Prerequisite: HS101, WR100 or WR101. Between the four- teenth and sixteenth centuries Europe changed. Con- tinual warfare, rebellion, and disease altered societal norms at all levels. This, coupled with the rising power of an urban "middle class" and the declining power ofthe feudal nobility, meant that the traditional medi- eval society was coming to an end. Also changing dur- ing this time was the intellectual history of Europe. Education became more available, and universities multiplied and flourished. Humanism was taught and influenced all forms of intellectual expression: art, lit- erature, philosophy, science, music, and even theology. In fact, it was in theology that the changes in intellec- tual thought made their most enduring impact, for ultimately they caused many to question medieval reli- gious tradition. Martin Luther would respond by tack- ing the 95 Theses to the door of the Church of Witten- berg, and western Europe ceased to be unified in its Christianity. What followed was more than a century of religious upheaval and conflict. All of these themes are explored in depth. Counts toward Medieval Studies minor.
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3.00 Credits
Prerequisite: HS101, WR100 or WR101. Follows the his- tory of Europe, Byzantium, and the Middle East from the end of the first millennium A.D. until c. 1500. From what some call "the Dark Ages" arose a more advancedWestern world, one which began to develop in new and progressive ways. Despite the continual fighting between Islamic and Christian forces, first in the Middle East and then in southeastern Europe, kingdoms and principalities flourished under the leadership of strong nobles; farms brought forth more grain and other produce; towns grew and gave birth to a "middle class";the population was enlarged by a high birth rate and the lack of natural hindrances; and universities were founded and education began to reach all classes. At the same time, a strong Catholic Church dominated all of these institutions, while moving steadily toward the Reformation. Counts toward Catholic Studies and Medieval Studies minors.
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3.00 Credits
Prerequisite: HS101, WR100 or WR101. From Ireland and Afghanistan to Israel and Poland, we live with the prob- lems generated by the ideologies and passions of national identity. This course seeks to define nationalism and explain its extraordinary power by tracing its develop- ment through the nineteenth century. Using novels, poems, and operas to illustrate literary and linguistic roots of nationalism, the course studies how national- ism could be manipulated to serve a variety of political goals, including liberal reform, dynastic expansion, and economic regeneration. In particular, a comparison of national unity in Italy and Germany demonstrates the diversity and strength of nationalism as a creative force that would eventually become a source of destruction. HS308 White Man's Burden: Colonialism and the Historical Origins of Racism (3.00 cr.) Prerequisite: HS101, WR100 or WR101. An analysis of the socially and politically constructed category of race as it developed in the wake of the Enlightenment and counter-enlightenment. Intellectual antecedents of this later "racialization of savagery" are investigated, with afocus on the treatment and literary stereotypes of such indigenous peoples as those from North America, Africa, and Asia. The insidious consequences of the ?ranscendental pretense," from the European coloni-zation of the concept of human nature to the political and economic colonization of cultures and individuals, are examined from the perspective of the history of ideas. (Even Years)
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3.00 Credits
Prerequisite: HS101, WR100 or WR101. Literature, food, politics, music-these are the sources students explore in this general history of the British Isles. Between 1450 and 1700, Britons saw civil war, famine, and changes of national religion. They also witnessed Shakespeare, the Armada, and the discovery of America. This course explores themes of social upheaval, political fidelity, Reformation, and revolution.
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3.00 Credits
Prerequisite: HS101, WR100 or WR101. Four nations inhabit the British Isles: the English, Welsh, Scots, and Irish. In the Glorious Revolution of 1688, they (and their182 History colonies in America) broke with the European pattern of absolute monarchy set by Louis XIV of France. Instead, they attempted to work together under a con- stitutional monarchy. Over the course of three centu- ries of success-and spectacular failures-they devel-oped political institutions basic to free governments everywhere. This course focuses on such institutions as individual liberty, representative government, social welfare, and democracy. It also discusses the differ- ences and hostilities that have existed among the five nations, especially Irish rebellions and famine, but also the American Revolution and political devolution in Scotland and Wales. Using contemporary newspapers and films, students follow these developments down to the present day. (Even Years)
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3.00 Credits
Prerequisite: HS101, WR100 or WR101. A study of Greece from the Bronze Age to Alexander the Great, with special attention to the development of the Greek polis or city- state and the various constitutional, social, economic, and religious forms which this took. Same course as CL312. HS313 History of Christmas (3.00 cr.) Prerequisite: HS101, WR100 or WR101. Is Christmas the commemoration of Jesus' birth Or is it a pagan winter festival hiding behind a thin but deceptive veil of Chris- tian images and ideas Students will discover that the holiday is both of these things and a good deal more to boot. Students examine the origins and many trans- formations of the holiday and how the holiday has both reflected and helped determine the course of history. Topics include the Christmas tree, gift giving, the sup- pression of Christmas, the Nativity accounts, pagan pre- cedents and, of course, Santa. Counts toward Catholic Studies minor. Same course as CL313.
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3.00 Credits
Prerequisite: HS101, WR100 or WR101. A survey of imperial history from the Principate of Augustus to the Reign of Constantine focusing on the development of Roman culture as seen through the surviving ancient sources, including inscriptions, historians, monuments, and coins. Counts toward Medieval Studies minor. Same course as CL314.
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