ME 215 - Thermodynamics

Institution:

Point Park University

Subject:

Description:

The kinetic theory of gases is used to generate the ideal gas law and the law for adiabatic expansion and compression. For adiabatic processes a set of six equations and their reciprocals are generated for the following: final pressure in terms of initial pressure and volume ratio, final volume in terms of initial volume and pressure ratio, final pressure in terms of initial pressure and the temperature ratio, final temperature in terms of initial temperature and pressure ratio, final temperature in terms of initial temperature and volume ratio, final volume in terms of initial volume and temperature ratio. Relationships between constant pressure and constant volume specific heats, the characteristic gas constant and the exponent used in the adiabatic relationships are explained. The use of reduced pressure and temperature (actual value divided by critical value) with the Nelson-Obert generalized compressibility chart provides a factor which when used with the ideal gas law becomes the law for real gasses. Gas/vapor mixtures are discussed. Equations for work in constant pressure, constant temperature, polytrophic and adiabatic situations are derived and one used along with the concept of internal energy change and heat transfer to form the first law of thermodynamics. The concept of enthalpy is introduced. Potential and kinetic energy effects along with enthalpy changes lead to the first law for a flowing system. Power cycles investigated are the Rankine cycle with superheat and reheat, the Brayton cycle with compressor intercooling reheat and regeneration and the Turbo-Diesel cycle. Refrigeration cycles are the vapor compression cycle and the reverse Porceyton cycle. A brief discussion on entropy and the second law. Prerequisite: MATH 190. Course Objectives Upon successful completion of the course, students will be able to: (1) Use the ideal gas law to find pressure, specific volume or absolute temperature providing two of the state points are known. (2) Use the twelve inversions of the law governing an adiabatic or polytrophic process to find for any two of the state points pressure specific volume and absolute temperature, an equation for one in terms of the other. (3) Use the Nelson-Obert chart along with reduced values of pressure and absolute temperature to find the compressibility, so that the ideal gas law can be adapted for use with real gasses. (4) Find the state point values for saturated liquid-vapor mixtures once the mass ratio of the components is known. (5) Determine work done under isobaric, isothermal adiabatic and polytrophic conditions. (6) Apply the first law of thermodynamics in the determinations of heat transferred, change in internal energy and work done. (7) Apply the first law for a flowing system to problems involving pumps, compressors, turbines and heat exchanges. (8) Conduct a complete analysis of a Rankine cycle with super heat and reheat. (9) Conduct a complete analysis of a Brayton cycle with compressor intercooling, turbine reheat, and regeneration. (10) Conduct a complete analysis of a Diesel cycle. (11) Conduct a complete analysis of a vapor-compression refrigeration cycle. (12) Use the concept of entropy to distinguish between perfect and real machines.

Credits:

3.00

Credit Hours:

Prerequisites:

Corequisites:

Exclusions:

Level:

Instructional Type:

Lecture

Notes:

Additional Information:

Historical Version(s):

Institution Website:

www.pointpark.edu

Phone Number:

(412) 391-4100

Regional Accreditation:

Middle States Association of Colleges and Schools

Calendar System:

Semester

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